View across Trafalgar Square, City of Westminster, looking southwest from St Martin's Place. Trafalgar Square was planned as part of the redevelopment of the West Strand Improvements by John Nash following the passing of the Charing Cross Act of 1826. Although it was to be another 30 years before the square was completed, it occupies the area of the former Great Mews of the Crown Stables. Charles Barry was the architect, although he opposed the decision to erect Nelson's Column on the site - he was overruled. The whole square is Grade I listed, number 1001362. Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson's memorial column and sculpture was built 1839-1842, to the design of William Railton with a fluted granite column and Corinthian capital. The statue was by E. H. Baily and the bas-relief panels around the base depicting Nelson's famous naval battles by J. E. Carew, J. Ternouth, M. L. Watson and W. F. Woodington. The four lions by Sir Edwin Landseer were cast by Baron Marochetti and added 1867. The monument is Grade I listed, number 1276052. In the northwest corner of the square is an equestrian statue of George IV by Sir Francis Chantrey and T. Earle. A bronze statue cast in 1829 for the Marble Arch in its original setting as the entrance to Buckingham Palace, and moved to this site in 1843. It is Grade II* listed, number 1225731. This now flanks the forecourt to Admiralty Arch. Completed in 1911 it is offices and an official residence block incorporating a triumphal arch in Portland Stone by Sir Aston Webb. It is the entrance to the ceremonial approach to Buckingham Palace and part of the national monument to Queen Victoria. It is Grade I listed, number 1238982. 60-61 Trafalgar Square form a four-storey building with a sign on the roof parapet for Sun Insurance Office. Established in 1717, it merged in 1959 to become Sun Alliance. Numbers 62-65 form a five-storey building with an attic and on the roof parapet, a sign for Canadian Pacific. Faced in Portland Stone with a clocktower and bow windows to the first and second floors. Constructed as the London offices of The Canadian Pacific Railway Company and its affiliated steamship line. The ground-floor shop is now a cafe, and above are apartments. Waiting at traffic lights are numerous pedestrians, vehicles, and a number 11 Routemaster bus to Liverpool Street.