View of Trafalgar Square, City of Westminster, looking southwest from St Martin-in-the-Fields Church. Trafalgar Square was planned as part of the redevelopment of the West Strand Improvements by John Nash following the passing of the Charing Cross Act of 1826. Although it was to be another 30 years before the square was completed, it occupies the area of the former Great Mews of the Crown Stables. Charles Barry was the architect, although he opposed the decision to erect Nelson's Column on the site - he was overruled. The whole square is Grade I listed, number 1001362. Admiral Lord Horatio Nelson's memorial column and sculpture was built 1839-1842 to the design of William Railton with a fluted granite column and Corinthian capital. The statue was by E. H. Baily, and the bas-relief panels around the base depicting Nelson's famous naval battles by J. E. Carew, J. Ternouth, M. L. Watson and W. F. Woodington. The lions by Sir Edwin Landseer were cast by Baron Marochetti and added in 1867. The monument is Grade I listed, number 1276052. Visible is one of the two fountains with deeply lipped granite retaining walls which were remodelled in 1939. There is a balustraded terrace wall and stone bollards enclose the open space of the square. These features are Grade II* listed, number 1066235. On the northeast corner of the square is a statue of George IV on horseback by Sir Francis Chantrey and T. Earle. A bronze statue cast in 1829 for the Marble Arch, in its original setting as the entrance to Buckingham Palace, and moved to this site in 1843. It is Grade II* listed, number 1275350. At the southwest corner is a statue of General Sir Charles Napier, cast in bronze in 1855 by G. G. Adams on a granite pedestal. An officer in the British Army's Peninsular and 1812 campaigns, and later a Major General of the Bombay Army, during which period he led the military conquest of Sindh, before serving as the Governor of Sindh, and Commander-in-Chief in India. The statue was raised by subscription from private soldiers who had served under Napier in India. On the southern side of the square is 54-60 Charing Cross. Number 57 has a sign for Phoenix Fire Company and two statues of phoenixes above pillars that rise through the ground and first floors. Founded in 1680 after the Great Fire of London, Phoenix Fire Assurance was merged in 1984 with Sun Alliance. The buildings were later demolished and redeveloped.